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Carol Creutz

Senior Chemist Emeritus


Chemistry Department
Building 555
Brookhaven National Laboratory
P.O. Box 5000
Upton, NY 11973-5000

Phone: (631) 344-4359
FAX:    (631) 344-5815
e-mail

Artificial Photosynthesis

Curriculum Vitae

Research Interests:
Kinetics and mechanisms of ground and excited-state reactions of transition metal complexes, homogeneous catalysis in water; charge transfer processes in nanoscale clusters

Education:
B. S. University of California, Los Angeles 1966
Ph. D. Stanford University 1971

Awards:
Town of Brookhaven, Office of Women’s Services, 13th Annual “In Recognition of Women”, March 13, 1999: Science

Professional Experience:
Assistant Professor, Georgetown University, 1970-72
Research Associate, Brookhaven National Laboratory, 1972-75
Associate Chemist, Brookhaven National Laboratory, 1975-77
Chemist, Brookhaven National Laboratory, 1977-89
Senior Chemist, Brookhaven National Laboratory, 1989-
Chair, Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, 1995-2000

Selected Professional Activities:
Chemistry Research Evaluation Panel, Air Force Office of Scientific Research, 1979-83
Division of Inorganic Chemistry, American Chemical Society,
1980 Nominations Committee, 1982 Symposium Planning Committee
Editorial Board, Inorganic Chemistry, 1988-91; 2002-2003
Councilor, American Chemical Society, Inorganic Division, 1992-95
National Research Council Committee on Prudent Practices for Handling, Storage, and Disposal of Chemicals in the Laboratory, 1992-95
National Research Council Panel on Laboratory Design, 1998-1999
Volume Editor, Comprehensive Coordination Chemistry 2:Volume 7: From Molecular to Nanoscale Systems: Properties (Elsevier, 2003)
Organizer, “Charge Transfer on the Nanoscale” workshop Santa Fe New Mexico, 1/2002
Theme Leader, Center for Functional Nanomaterials, 2002-2004
National Science Foundation Inorganic Workshop Advisory Board 2005-2008
Advisory Board, Energy NSF EPSCOR State of Kansas 2009-
Research Interests: Kinetics and mechanisms of ground and excited-state reactions of transition metal complexes, homogeneous catalysis in water; charge transfer processes in nanoscale clusters

Selected Publications

  1. Creutz, C.; Taube, H. A Direct Approach to Measuring the Franck-Condon Barrier to Electron Transfer Between Metal Ions, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1969, 91, 3988-3989.
  2. Creutz, C. Comparison of Observed and Calculated Barriers for Optical Electron Transfer in a Binuclear Ruthenium(II)-Ruthenium(III) Complex Inorg. Chem. 1978, 17, 3723-3725.
  3. Creutz, C. Mixed-valence Complexes of d5-d6 Metal Centers Prog. Inorg. Chem. 1983, 30, 1-73.
  4. Creutz, C.; Newton, M. D.; Sutin, N. Metal Ligand and Metal Metal Coupling Elements, J. Photochem. Photobiol. A: Chemistry 1994, 82, 47-59.
  5. Brunschwig, B. S.; Creutz, C.; Sutin, N. Optical transitions of symmetrical mixed-valence systems in the Class II-III transition regime, Chem. Soc. Rev. 2002, 31, 168-184.
  6. Creutz, C.; Brunschwig, B. S.; Sutin, N. Interfacial charge-transfer absorption: Semiclassical treatment, J. Phys. Chem. B 2005, 109, 10251-10260.
  7. Adams, D. M.; Brus, L.; Chidsey, C. E. D.; Creager, S.; Creutz, C.; Kagan, C. R.; Kamat, P. V.; Lieberman, M.; Lindsay, S.; Marcus, R. A.; Metzger, R. M.; Michel-Beyerle, M. E.; Miller, J. R.; Newton, M. D.; Rolison, D. R.; Sankey, O.; Schanze, K. S.; Yardley, J.; Zhu, X. Y. Charge transfer on the nanoscale: Current status, J. Phys. Chem. B 2003, 107, 6668-6697.
  8. Creutz, C.; Sutin, N. Electron Transfer Reactions of Excited States: Direct Evidence for Reduction of the Charge Transfer Excited State of Tris(2,2' bipyridine)ruthenium(II), J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1976, 98, 6384-6385.
  9. Brunschwig, B. S.; Chou, M. H.; Creutz, C.; Ghosh, P.; Sutin, N. Mechanisms of Water Oxidation to Oxygen: Cobalt(IV) as an Intermediate in the Aquocobalt(II) Catalyzed Reaction, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1983, 105, 4832-4833.
  10. Creutz, C.; Schwarz, H. A.; Sutin, N. Free Radical Route to Formation of the Metal Hydride Complex Hydridoaquobis(2,2' bipyridine)cobalt(III), J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1984, 106, 3036-3037.
  11. Creutz, C.; Schwarz, H. A.; Wishart, J. F.; Fujita, E.; Sutin, N. Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Carbon Dioxide Binding to Two Stereoisomers of a Cobalt(I) Macrocycle in Aqueous Solution, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 3361-3371.
  12. Schwarz, C. L.; Bullock, R. M.; Creutz, C. Intrinsic Barriers to Atom Transfer: Self Exchange Reactions of CpM(CO)3X/CpM(CO)3 Halide Couples, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 1225-1236.
  13. Song, J. S.; Bullock, R. M.; Creutz, C. Intrinsic Barriers to Atom Transfer (Abstraction) Processes; Self Exchange Rates for Cp(CO)3M• Radical/Cp(CO)3M X Halogen Couples, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 9862-9864.
  14. Creutz, C.; Sutin, N. Intrinsic Barriers to Proton Exchange Between Transition Metal Centers: Application of a Weak Interaction Model, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 2418-2427.
  15. Creutz, C.; Chou, M. H. Rapid transfer of hydride ion from a ruthenium complex to C1 species in water, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2007, 129, 10108-10109.

Carol Creutz Publications:

121.  Chen, J. Z., Szalda, D. J., Fujita, E., and Creutz C. “Iron(II) and Ruthenium(II) Complexes Containing P, N,
        and H Ligands: Structure, Spectroscopy, Electrochemistry and Reactivity”, Inorg. Chem. (submitted)

120.  Carol Creutz, Mei H. Chou, Hua Hou, and James T. Muckerman “Hydride Ion Transfer from and to
        Ruthenium(II) Complexes in Water: Kinetics and Mechanism”, Inorg. Chem. (submitted)

119.  Creutz, C.; Chou, M. H. “Hydricities of d6 Metal Hydride Complexes in Water”,
        J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 2794-2795.

118.  Petroski, J.; Chou, M.; Creutz, C. “The Coordination Chemistry of Gold Surfaces: Formation and
        Far-Infrared Spectra of Alkanethiolate-Capped Gold Nanoparticles”,
       J. Organomet. Chem 2009, 694, 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2008.11.057.

117.  “Binding of Catechols to Mononuclear Titanium(IV) and to 1- and 5-nm TiO2 Nanoparticles”.
        Creutz, C.; Chou, M. H., Inorg. Chem. 2008, 47, (9), 3509-3514.

116.   "Rapid Transfer of Hydride Ion from a Ruthenium Complex to C1 Species in Water," Creutz, C.;Chou, M. H.
         J. Am Chem. Soc. 2007, 129, 10108 - 10109

115.   "Nonadiabatic, Intramolecular Electron Transfer from Ruthenium(II) to Cobalt(III) Complexes," Creutz, C.
         J. Phys. Chem B 2007, 111, 6713-6717.

114.   "Interfacial charge transfer absorption: 3. Application to semiconductor-molecule assemblies," Creutz, C.;
         Brunschwig, B. S.; Sutin, N. J. Phys. Chem B 2006, 110, 25181-25190

113.   "Henry Taube: Inorganic Chemist Extraordinaire," Creutz, C.; Ford, P. C.; Meyer, T.
         J. Inorg. Chem. 2006, 45, 7059 – 7068

112.   "Transition State Characterization for the Reversible Binding of Dihydrogen to Bis(2,2'-bipyridine)rhodium(I)
         from Temperature- and Pressure-Dependent Experimental and Theoretical Studies," Fujita, E.;
         Brunschwig, B. S.; Creutz, C.; Muckerman, J. T.; Sutin, N.; Szalda, D.; Eldik, R. v.
         Inorg. Chem. 2006, 45, 1595 – 1603

111.  "Interfacial charge transfer absorption: Application to metal-molecule assemblies," Creutz, C.; Brunschwig,
         B. S.; Sutin, N. Chem. Phys. 2006, 324, 244-258

110.  “Interfacial Charge Transfer Absorption: Semiclassical Treatment
        Carol Creutz, Bruce S. Brunschwig, and Norman Sutin, J. Phys. Chem. B 2005, 109, 10251-10260

109.   Implications of an Electron-Hopping Model for Charge Transport through Donor-Bridge-Acceptor
        Assemblies Connected to Metal Electrodes, Sutin, N.; Brunschwig, B. S.; Creutz, C.; Feldberg, S. W.
        J. Phys. Chem B 2004, 108, 12092 -12102

108.  Synthesis, Structure and Reactivity of a Hydroxymethyl Complex in Water
        Carol Creutz, Mei H. Chou, Etsuko Fujita and David J. Szalda
        Coord. Chem. Rev.2005, 249, (3-4), 375-390

107.   Rapid Phosphine Exchange on 1.5-nm Gold Nanoparticles
        Janet Petroski, Mei H. Chou, and Carol Creutz
        Inorg. Chem. 2004, 43, 1597-1599

106.   Using the Marcus Inverted Region for Rectification in Donor-Bridge-Acceptor "Wire" Assemblies
         Norman Sutin, Bruce S. Brunschwig and Carol Creutz
         J. Phys. Chem B. 2003, 107, 10687 - 10690

105.   Electron transfer from the molecular to the nanoscale
         Carol Creutz, Bruce S. Brunschwig and Norman Sutin
         Comprehensive Coordination Chemistry II, J. McLeverty and T. J. Meyer Editors, Elsevier, Amsterdam,
         Vol. 7, pp 731-777 (2004)

104.   Charge Transfer on the Nanoscale
         David Adams, Louis Brus, Christopher E. D. Chidsey, Stephen Creager, Carol Creutz, Cherie R. Kagan,
         Prashant Kamat, Marya Lieberman, Stuart Lindsay, Rudolph A. Marcus, Robert M. Metzger,
         M. E. Michel-Beyerle, John R. Miller, Marshall D. Newton, Debra R. Rolison, Otto Sankey, Kirk S. Schanze,
         James Yardley, Xiaoyang Zhu
         J. Phys. Chem. B 2003, 107, 6668 - 6697

103.   The properties of symmetrical mixed-valence systems in the Class II/III transition regime
         Bruce S. Brunschwig, Carol Creutz and Norman Sutin
         Chem. Soc. Rev., 2002, 31 (3), 168 - 184

102.   Carbon Dioxide as a Feedstock
         Carol Creutz and Etsuko Fujita
         Carbon Management: Implications for R&D in the Chemical Sciences National Research Council Workshop,
         December 9-10, 2000

101.   Pulse Radiolysis Studies of Water-Soluble Tungsten Hydride Complexes: One Electron Reduction Of
         Metal Hydrides and Hydrogen Atom Transfer Reactions
         D. E. Cabelli, F. Shafiq, C. Creutz and R. M. Bullock
         Organometallics 20, 3729-3737 (2001).

100.   Catalysis Research of Relevance to Carbon Management: Progress, Challenges, and Opportunities
         H. Arakawa, M. Aresta, J. N. Armor, M. A. Barteau, E. J. Beckman, A. T. Bell, J. E. Bercaw,
         C. Creutz, E. Dinjus, D. A. Dixon, K. Domen, D. L. Dubois, J. Eckert, E. Fujita, D. H. Gibson, W. A. Goddard,
         D. W. Goodman, J. Keller, G. J. Kubas, H. H. Kung, J. E. Lyons, L. E. Manzer, T. J. Marks, K. Morokuma,
         K. M. Nicholas, R. Periana, L. Que, J. Rostrup-Nielson, W. M. H. Sachtler, L. D. Schmidt, A. Sen,
         G. A. Somorjai, P. C. Stair, B. R. Stults and W. Tumas
         Chem. Rev. 2001, 101, 953-996

99.     Water-Soluble Tungsten Hydrides: Synthesis, Structures and Reactions of (C5H4CO2H)(CO)3WH
         and Related Complexes
         F. Shafiq, D. J. Szalda, C. Creutz and R. M. Bullock
         Organometallics 19, 824-833 (2000)

98.    Reversible Formation of Bis(2,2'-bipyridine)rhodium(III) Dihydride from Bis(2,2'-bipyridine)rhodium(I) and
        Dihydrogen. Direct Transfer of Dihydrogen from Rhodium(III) Dihydride to Rhodium(I)
        S. G. Yan, B. S. Brunschwig, C. Creutz, E. Fujita and N. Sutin
        J. Am. Chem. Soc. 120, 10553-10554 (1998)

97.    Electroabsorption Spectroscopy of Charge Transfer States of Transition Metal Complexes
        B. S. Brunschwig, C. Creutz and N. Sutin
        Coord. Chem. Rev. 177, 61-79 (1998)

96.    Electronic and Molecular Structures of Pentaammineruthenium Pyridine and Benzonitrile Complexes as a
        Function of Oxidation State
        Y.-g. K. Shin, D. J. Szalda, B. S. Brunschwig, C. Creutz and N. Sutin
        Inorg. Chem. 36, 3190-3197 (1997)

95.    Photo-Induced Generation of Dihydrogen and Reduction of Carbon Dioxide Using Transition Metal Complexes
        N. Sutin, C. Creutz and E. Fujita
        Commts. Inorg. Chem. 19, 67-92 (1997)

94.    Mechanisms of Photochemical Reactions of Transition-Metal Complexes Elucidated by Pulse Radiolysis Experiments
        C. Creutz, H. A. Schwarz and N. Sutin
        In Photochemistry and Radiation Chemistry: Complementary Methods for the Study of Electron Transfer,
        Wishart, J. F. and Nocera, D. G., Eds.;Adv. Chem. Ser. 254, American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, Ch. 14;

93.    Electroabsorption Spectroscopy of Charge-Transfer States of Transition-Metal Complexes. 2. Metal-to-Ligand
        and Ligand-to-Metal Charge Transfer Excited States of Pentaammineruthenium Complexes
        Y.-g. K. Shin, B. S. Brunschwig, C. Creutz and N. Sutin
        J. Phys. Chem. 100, 8157-8169 (1996)

92.    Intrinsic Barriers to Atom Transfer Between Transition-Metal Centers
        C. Creutz
        In Electron Transfer Reactions Isied, S., Ed., Advances in Chemistry Series 253, American Chemical Society, 151-163

91.    Orbital Analysis of Metal-to-Ligand Charge Transfer and Oxidation in (NH3)5RuL2+ Complexes: Effective
        t2g Orbital Ordering and the Role of Ligand p and p* Orbitals
        Y.-g. K. Shin, B. S. Brunschwig, C. Creutz, M. D. Newton and N. Sutin
        J. Phys. Chem. 100, 1104-1110 (1996)

90.    Electron Transfer Barriers for Ground-and Excited-State Redox Couples: trans-Dioxo
        (1,4,8,11-tetra-azacyclotetradecane) osmium(VI)/osmium(V)
        C. Kelly, D. J. Szalda, C. Creutz, H. A. Schwarz and N. Sutin
        Inorg. Chimica. Acta 1-2, 39-45 (1996)

89.   Toward a Quantitative Understanding of Dipole-Moment Changes in Charge-Transfer Transitions: Electroabsorption
       Spectroscopy of Transition-Metal Complexes
       Y.-g. K. Shin, B. S. Brunschwig, C. Creutz and N. Sutin
       J. Am. Chem. Soc. 117, 8668-8669 (1995)

88.   Photoinduced Atom Transfer Reactions Between Transition Metal Centers
       C. Creutz, J. S. Song and R. M. Bullock
       Pure & Appl. Chem. 67, 47 54 (1995)

87.   Solvent Dependence of the Reduction Potential of Ground and Excited State Redox Couples:
       trans Dioxo(1,4,8,11 tetramethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane)Osmium(VI/V)
       C. Creutz and M. H. Chou
       Inorg. Chem. 33, 3199 3200 (1994)

86.   Metal Ligand and Metal Metal Coupling Elements
       C. Creutz, M. D. Newton and N. Sutin
       J. Photochem. Photobiol. A: Chemistry 82, 47 59 (1994)

85.   C H Bond Activation by Cobalt(I) Macrocycles: Rapid H/D Exchange between Macrocycle and Acetonitrile Solvent
       E. Fujita and C. Creutz
       Inorg. Chem. 33, 1729 1730 (1994)

84.   Facile Amido to Pyridyl Isomerization: Pentaammineruthenium(II) Walks the Nicotinamide and Isonicotinamide Rings
       M. H. Chou, B. S. Brunschwig, C. Creutz, N. Sutin, A. Yeh, R. C. Chang and C. T. Lin
       Inorg. Chem. 31, 5347 5348 (1992)

84.   Reactivity and Coordination Chemistry of Aromatic Carboxamide RC(O)NH2 and Carboxylate Ligands: Properties
       of Pentaammineruthenium(II) and (III) Complexes
       M. H. Chou, D. J. Szalda, C. Creutz and N. Sutin
       Inorg. Chem. 33, 1674 1684 (1994)

83.   Reductive Quenching of the Emission of trans Dioxo(1,4,8,11 tetramethyl 1,4,8,11 tetra-azacyclotetradecane)osmium(VI)
       in Water
       S. Schindler, E. W. Castner Jr., C. Creutz and N. Sutin
       Inorg. Chem. 32, 4200 4208 (1993)

82.   Carbon Dioxide Activation by Cobalt Macrocycles. Evidence of Hydrogen Bonding between Bound CO2 and the
       Macrocycle in Solution
       E. Fujita, C. Creutz, N. Sutin and B. S. Brunschwig
       Inorg. Chem. 32, 2657 2662 (1993)

80.   Properties and Reactivity of Metallocarboxylates. Crystal and Molecular Structure of the -CO22- Bridged
       "Polymer" {[CoIII(en)2(CO2)](ClO4)•H2O}n
       D. J. Szalda, M. H. Chou, E. Fujita and C. Creutz
       Inorg. Chem. 31, 4712 4714 (1992)

79.   Donor Acceptor Electronic Coupling as a Function of Bridging Group: Mixed Valence Diruthenium(III) (II) Complexes
       Bridged by Isonicotinato and Isonicotinamido Ligands
       M. H. Chou, C. Creutz and N. Sutin
       Inorg. Chem. 31, 2318 2327 (1992)

78.   Syntheses, Structures and Properties of Copper(II) and Copper(I) Complexes of the New Binucleating
       Ligand 1,3 Bis[bis(2 pyridylmethyl)amino]benzene
       S. Schindler, D. J. Szalda and C. Creutz
       Inorg. Chem. 31, 2255 2264 (1992)

77.   Intrinsic Barriers to Atom Transfer (Abstraction) Processes; Self Exchange Rates for
       Cp(CO)3M• Radical/Cp(CO)3M X Halogen Couples
       J. S. Song, R. M. Bullock and C. Creutz
       J. Am. Chem. Soc. 113, 9862 9864 (1991)

76.  Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Carbon Dioxide Binding to Two Stereoisomers of a Cobalt(I) Macrocycle
       in Aqueous Solution
       C. Creutz, H. A. Schwarz, J. F. Wishart, E. Fujita and N. Sutin
       J. Am. Chem. Soc. 113, 3361 3371 (1991)

75.   Synthesis and Structure of trans sec, rac-[CoL(CH3)(H2O)](CF3SO3)2: L = 5,7,7,12,14,14
       hexamethyl 1,4,8,11 tetraazacyclotetradeca 4,11 diene. Steric Selectivity in Alkyl Radical Metal Radical Reactions
       D. J. Szalda, C. L. Schwarz and C. Creutz
       Inorg. Chem. 30, 586 588 (1991)

74.   Carbon Dioxide Activation by Cobalt(I) Macrocycles: Factors Affecting CO2 and CO Binding
       E. Fujita, C. Creutz, N. Sutin and D. J. Szalda
       J. Am. Chem. Soc. 113, 343 353 (1991)

73.   Intrinsic Barriers to Atom Transfer: Self Exchange Reactions of CpM(CO)3X/CpM(CO)3- Halide Couples
       C. L. Schwarz, R. M. Bullock and C. Creutz
       J. Am. Chem. Soc. 113, 1225 1236 (1991)

72.   Carbon Dioxide Binding to Transition Metal Centers
       C. Creutz
       In Electrochemical and Electrocatalytic Reactions of Carbon Dioxide; Sullivan, B. P., Ed.; Elsevier Science Publishers,
       Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 1993; Chpt. 2, pp. 19 67

71.   Ruthenium
       C. Creutz
       In McGraw Hill Encyclopedia of Science and Technology, 7th Edition; Parker, S. P., Ed.;
       McGraw Hill, New York, 1992; Vol. 15, pp. 612 614

70.   Osmium
       C. Creutz
       In McGraw Hill Encyclopedia of Science and Technology, 7th Edition; Parker, S. P., Ed.;
       McGraw Hill, New York, 1992; Vol. 12, pp. 587 588

69.   Solution Studies of the Cobalt(II) N rac and N meso CoL2+ Isomers and Molecular and Crystal Structures of the
       Low-Spin, Five-Coordinate Cobalt(II) Macrocyclic Complexes N-rac-[CoL(H2O)](ClO4)2•0.6H2O (1) and
       N-rac-[CoL(OClO3)]ClO4 (2); (L = 5,7,7,12,14,14 Hexamethyl 1,4,8,11 Tetraazacyclotetradeca 4,11 Diene)
       D. J. Szalda, C. L. Schwarz, J. F. Endicott, E. Fujita and C. Creutz
       Inorg. Chem. 28, 3214 3219 (1989)

68.   Properties and Reactivity of Metallocarboxylates: Characterization of Aquobis(ethylenediamine)hydroxycarbonylcobalt(III)
       [(H2O)(en)2Co(C(O)OH)]2+ and its Ethyl Ester, trans-[Co(en)2(CF3CO2)(C(O)OC2H5)]PF6
       N. E. Katz, D. J. Szalda, M. H. Chou, C. Creutz and N. Sutin
       J. Am. Chem. Soc. 111, 6591 6601 (1989)

67.  A Dissociative Pathway for Equilibration of a Hydrido CoL(H)2+ Complex with CO2 and CO: Ligand Binding
      Constants in the Macrocyclic [14]Dienecobalt(I) System
      C. Creutz, H. A. Schwarz, J. F. Wishart, E. Fujita and N. Sutin
      J. Am. Chem. Soc. 111, 1153 1154 (1989)

66.  Cobalt(I),-(II), and -(III) Complexes of a Tetraaza 14-Membered Macrocycle,
      5,7,7,12,14,14-Hexamethyl-1,4,8,11-Tetraazacyclotetradeca-4,11-Diene (L). Crystal and Molecular Structures of
      [CoL(CO)]ClO4, trans-CoLCl2, cis-[CoL(CO3)]ClO4
      D. J. Szalda, E. Fujita and C. Creutz
      Inorg. Chem. 28, 1446 1450 (1989)

65.  Nuclear Reorganization Barriers to Electron Transfer
      N. Sutin, B. S. Brunschwig, C. Creutz and J. Winkler
      Pure Appl. Chem. 60, 1817 1830 (1988)

64.  Carbon Dioxide Activation: Thermodynamics of CO2 Binding and the Involvement of Two Cobalt Centers
      in the Reduction of CO2 by a Cobalt(I) Macrocycle
      E. Fujita, D. J. Szalda, C. Creutz and N. Sutin
      J. Am. Chem. Soc. 110, 4870 4871 (1988)

63.  4-Cyanopyridine Bridged Binuclear and Trinuclear Complexes of Ruthenium and Iron
      N. E. Katz, C. Creutz and N. Sutin
      Inorg. Chem. 27, 1687 1694 (1988)

62.  The Distance Dependence of Intramolecular Electron Transfer Rates: Importance of the Nuclear Factor
      S. S. Isied, A. Vassilian, J. F. Wishart, C. Creutz, H. A. Schwarz and N. Sutin
      J. Am. Chem. Soc. 110, 635 637 (1988)

61.  Intrinsic Barriers to Proton Exchange Between Transition Metal Centers: Application of a Weak Interaction Model
      C. Creutz and N. Sutin
      J. Am. Chem. Soc. 110, 2418 2427 (1988)

60.  Solvent Dependences of Spectral and Redox Properties of Pyrazine (pz) Complexes of Ruthenium and
      Osmium Pentaammines: Ru(NH3)5pzCH33+, Os(NH3)5pzCH33+, and [Ru(NH3)5]2pz5+
      C. Creutz and M. H. Chou
      Inorg. Chem. 26, 2995 3000 (1987)

59.  Solvent Tuning of the Excited State Properties of (2,2'-Bipyridine)tetracyanoferrate(II): Direct Observation
      of a Metal to Ligand Charge Transfer Excited State of Iron(II)
      J. R. Winkler, C. Creutz and N. Sutin
      J. Am. Chem. Soc. 109, 3470 3471 (1987)

58.  Direct Observation of Metal to Ligand Charge Transfer (MLCT) Excited States of Pentaammineruthenium(II) Complexes
      J. R. Winkler, T. L. Netzel, C. Creutz and N. Sutin
      J. Am. Chem. Soc. 109, 2381 2392 (1987)

57.  Formation of Electronically Excited Products in Electron Transfer Reactions: Reaction of Polypyridine
      Complexes of Cobalt(I) and Ruthenium(III) in Acetonitrile
      D. K. Liu, B. S. Brunschwig, C. Creutz and N. Sutin
      J. Am. Chem. Soc. 108, 1749 1755 (1986)

56.  Reduction of Carbon Dioxide by Tris(2,2'-bipyridine)cobalt(I)
      F. R. Keene, C. Creutz and N. Sutin
      Coord. Chem. Rev. 64, 247 260 (1985)

55.  Photogeneration and Reactions of Cobalt(I) Complexes
      C. Creutz and N. Sutin
      Coord. Chem. Rev. 64, 321 341 (1985)

54.  Homogeneous Catalysis of the Photoreduction of Water. 6. Mediation by Polypyridine Complexes of
      Ruthenium(II) and Cobalt(II) in Alkaline Media
      C. V. Krishnan, B. S. Brunschwig, C. Creutz and N. Sutin
      J. Am. Chem. Soc. 107, 2005 2015 (1985)

53.  Free Radical Route to Formation of the Metal Hydride Complex Hydridoaquobis(2,2'-bipyridine)cobalt(III)
      C. Creutz, H. A. Schwarz and N. Sutin
      J. Am. Chem. Soc. 106, 3036 3037 (1984)

52.   Cobalt(I) Polypyridine Complexes. Redox and Substitutional Kinetics and Thermodynamics in the Aqueous 2,2'-Bipyridine
       and 4,4'-Dimethyl 2,2' Bipyridine Series Studied by the Pulse Radiolysis Technique
       H. A. Schwarz, C. Creutz and N. Sutin
       Inorg. Chem. 24, 433 439 (1985)

51.   Homogeneous Catalysis of the Water Gas Shift Reaction by (Polypyridine)rhodium Complexes
       D. Mahajan, C. Creutz and N. Sutin
       Inorg. Chem. 24, 2063 2067 (1985)

50.   Ground and Excited State Electron Transfer Reactions: Photoinduced Redox Reactions of Poly(pyridine)ruthenium(II)
       Complexes and Cobalt(III) Cage Compounds
       C. Y. Mok, A. W. Zanella, C. Creutz and N. Sutin
       Inorg. Chem. 23, 2891 2897 (1984)

49.   Thermal and Light Induced Reduction of Ru(bpy)33+ in Aqueous Solution
       P. K. Ghosh, B. S. Brunschwig, M. Chou, C. Creutz and N. Sutin
       J. Am. Chem. Soc. 106, 4772 4783 (1984)

48.    Electron Transfer Reactions of Excited States
        C. Creutz and N. Sutin
        J. Chem. Ed. 60, 809 814 (1983)

47.    Mechanisms of Water Oxidation to Oxygen: Cobalt(IV) as an Intermediate in the Aquocobalt(II) Catalyzed Reaction
        B. S. Brunschwig, M. H. Chou, C. Creutz, P. Ghosh and N. Sutin
        J. Am. Chem. Soc. 105, 4832 4833 (1983)

46.    Reduction Potentials for 2,2'-Bipyridine and 1,10-Phenanthroline Couples in Aqueous Solution
        C. V. Krishnan, C. Creutz, H. A. Schwarz and N. Sutin
        J. Am. Chem. Soc. 105, 5617 5623 (1983)

45.    Electron Transfer Barriers and Metal Ligand Bonding as a Function of Metal Oxidation State. 2. Crystal
        and Molecular Structures of Tris(2,2'-bipyridine)cobalt(II) Dichloride Dihydrate Ethanol and
        Tris(2,2'-bipyridine)cobalt(I) Chloride Monohydrate
         D. J. Szalda, C. Creutz, D. Mahajan and N. Sutin
         Inorg. Chem. 22, 2372 2379 (1983)

44.    Reactions of Tris and Bis(2,2' bipyridine)rhodium(II) Complexes in Aqueous Solution
        H. A. Schwarz and C. Creutz
        Inorg. Chem. 22, 707 713 (1983)

43.    The Role of Inner Sphere Configuration Changes in Electron Exchange Reactions of Metal Complexes
        B. S. Brunschwig, C. Creutz, D. H. Macartney, T. K. Sham and N. Sutin
        Disc. Faraday Soc. 74, 113 127 (1982)

42.    Mixed Valence Complexes of d5 d6 Metal Centers
        C. Creutz
        Prog. in Inorg. Chem. 30, 1 73 (1983)

41.    Homogeneous Catalysis of the Photoreduction of Water by Visible Light. 3. Mediation by Polypyridine
        Complexes of Ruthenium(II) and Cobalt(II)
        C. V. Krishnan, C. Creutz, D. Mahajan, H. A. Schwarz and N. Sutin
        Israel J. Chem. 22, 98 106 (1982)

40.   The Nature of Bis(2,2' bipyridine)rhodium(I) in Aqueous Solutions
        M. H. Chou, C. Creutz, D. Mahajan, N. Sutin and A. P. Zipp
        Inorg. Chem. 21, 3989 3997 (1982)

39.    Bipyridine Radical Ions
        C. Creutz
        Comm. Inorg. Chem. 1, 293 (1982)

38.    Polypyridineruthenium(II) Photoinduced Redox Reactions of Bipyridinium Cations, Polypyridinerhodium
        Complexes, and Osmium Ammines
        C. Creutz, A. D. Keller, N. Sutin and A. P. Zipp
        J. Am. Chem. Soc. 104, 3618 3627 (1982)

37.    The One Electron Reduction Product of Tris(2,2'-bipyridine)rhodium(III)
        C. Creutz, A. D. Keller, H. A. Schwarz, N. Sutin and A. P. Zipp
        ACS Symposium Series on "Inorganic Reaction Mechanisms", Vol. 198, p. 385 402, Wayne State University, June 10 12, 1981

36.    Mixed Valence Complexes and the Dynamics of Electron Transfer Reactions
        C. Creutz
        Kagaku 36, 782 790 (1981)

35.    General Reactivity Patterns in Electron Transfer
        C. Creutz and N. Sutin
        In Inorganic Reactions and Methods; Zuckerman, J. J., Ed.; VCH Publishers, Inc., Deerfield Beach, FL, 1986; Vol. 15, p. 47 63

34.    The Complexities of Ascorbate as a Reducing Agent
         C. Creutz
         Inorg. Chem. 20, 4449 4452 (1981)

33.     Light Induced Electron Transfer Reactions of Metal Complexes
         N. Sutin and C. Creutz
         Pure Appl. Chem. 52, 2717 2738 (1980)

32.     Mechanism of the Formation of Dihydrogen from the Photoinduced Reactions of Polypyridineruthenium(II)
         and Polypyridinerhodium(III) Complexes
         S F. Chan, M. H. Chou, C. Creutz, T. Matsubara and N. Sutin
         J. Am. Chem. Soc. 103, 369 379 (1981)

31.     Mechanism of the Formation of Dihydrogen from the Photoinduced Reactions of Tris(bipyridine)ruthenium(II)
         with Tris(bipyridine)rhodium(III)
         G. M. Brown, S F. Chan, C. Creutz, H. A. Schwarz and N. Sutin
         J. Am. Chem. Soc. 101, 7638 7640 (1979)

30.     Lifetimes, Spectra, and Quenching of the Excited States of Polypyridine Complexes of Iron(II),
         Ruthenium(II) and Osmium(II)
         C. Creutz, M. Chou, T. L. Netzel, M. Okumura and N. Sutin
         J. Am. Chem. Soc. 102, 1309 1319 (1980)

29.     Direct Measurement of the Rate of Intramolecular Electron Transfer in a Diruthenium Mixed Valence Complex
         C. Creutz, P. Kroger, T. Matsubara, T. L. Netzel and N. Sutin
         J. Am. Chem. Soc. 101, 5442 5444 (1979)

28.     Crystal and Molecular Structure of Pentaammine(pyrazine)ruthenium(II) Tetrafluoroborate and
         Pentammine(pyrazine)ruthenium(III) Trifluoromethanesulfonate Monohydrate
         M. E. Gress, C. Creutz and C. O. Quicksall
         Inorg. Chem. 20, 1522-1528 (1981)

27.     Properties and Reactivities of Pentadentate Ethylenediamine tetraacetate Complexes of Ruthenium(III) and (II)
         T. Matsubara and C. Creutz
         Inorg. Chem. 18, 1956 1966 (1979)

26.     Homogeneous Catalysis of the Photoreduction of Water by Visible Light: Mediation by a
         Tris(2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium(II) Cobalt(II) Macrocycle System
         G. M. Brown, B. S. Brunschwig, C. Creutz, J. F. Endicott and N. Sutin
         J. Am. Chem. Soc. 101, 1298 1300 (1979)

25.     Excited State Photochemistry in the Tris(2,2' bipyridine)ruthenium(II) Sulfite System
         C. Creutz, N. Sutin and B. Brunschwig
         J. Am. Chem. Soc. 101, 1297 1298 (1979)

24.     Inverted Redox Catalysis: Catalysis of Substitution on Ruthenium(II) by an Extraordinarily Labile
         Ruthenium(III) Metal Center
         T. Matsubara and C. Creutz
         J. Am. Chem. Soc. 100, 6255 6257 (1978)

23.     Comparison of Observed and Calculated Barriers for Optical Electron Transfer in a Binuclear Ruthenium(II) Ruthenium(III) Complex
         C. Creutz
         Inorg. Chem. 17, 3723 3725 (1978)

22.     Properties and Reactivities of the Luminescent Excited States of Polypyridine Complexes of Ruthenium(II) and Osmium(II)
         N. Sutin and C. Creutz
         Adv. Chem. Ser. 168, 1 27 (1978)

21.     Mechanism of the Quenching of the Emission of Substituted Polypyridineruthenium(II) Complexes by Europium(II)
         C. Creutz
         Inorg. Chem. 17, 1046 1051 (1978)

20.     Rate Constants and Activation Parameters for Outer Sphere Electron Transfer Reactions and Comparisons with
         the Predictions of Marcus Theory
         M. Chou, C. Creutz and N. Sutin
         J. Am. Chem. Soc. 99, 5615 5623 (1977)

19.     Vestiges of the "Inverted Region" for Highly Exergonic Electron Transfer Reactions
         C. Creutz and N. Sutin
         J. Am. Chem. Soc. 99, 241 233 (1977)

18.     Pentacyanoferrate(II) Complexes: Evaluation of their Formal Potentials and Mechanism of their Quenching
         of tris(2,2'-bipyridine) ruthenium(II) Luminescence
         H. E. Toma and C. Creutz
         Inorg. Chem. 16, 545 550 (1977)

17.     Electron Transfer Reactions of Excited States: Direct Evidence for Reduction of the Charge Transfer Excited
         State of Tris(2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium(II)
         C. Creutz and N. Sutin
         J. Am. Chem. Soc. 98, 6384 6385 (1976)

16.     Mechanism of the Quenching of the Emission of Substituted Polypyridineruthenium(II) Complexes by Iron(III),
         Chromium(III) and Europium(III) Ions
         C. T. Lin, W. Böttcher, M. Chou, C. Creutz and N. Sutin
         J. Am. Chem. Soc. 98, 6536 6544 (1976)

15.     Electron Transfer Reactions of Excited States: Reductive Quenching of the Tris(2,2' bipyridine)ruthenium(II) Luminescence
         C. Creutz and N. Sutin
         Inorg. Chem. 15, 496 499 (1976)

14.     The Reaction of Tris(bipyridine)ruthenium(III) with Hydroxide and its Application in a Solar Energy Storage System
         C. Creutz and N. Sutin
         Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 72, 2858 2862 (1975)

13.     Kinetic Studies of the Oxidation of Ferrocytochrome c from Horse Heart and Candida Krusei by
         Tris(1,10-phenanthroline)cobalt(III)
         J. V. McArdle, H. B. Gray, C. Creutz and N. Sutin
         J. Am. Chem. Soc. 96, 5737 5741 (1974)

12.      Kinetics of Ligand Binding and Oxidation Reduction Reactions of Cytochrome c from Horse Heart and
          Candida Krusei
          C. Creutz and N. Sutin
          J. Biol. Chem. 249, 6788 6795 (1974)

11.      Kinetics of the Reactions of Sodium Dithionite with Dioxygen and Hydrogen Peroxide
          C. Creutz and N. Sutin
          Inorg. Chem. 13, 2041 2043 (1974)

10.      Comparison of Photochemical and Temperature Jump Perturbations. The Rate of Interconversion of Planar
          and Octahedral Configurations of a Nickel(II) Complex
          C. Creutz and N. Sutin
          J. Am. Chem. Soc. 95, 7177 7178 (1973)

9.        Reduction of Ferricytochrome c by Dithionite Ion: Electron Transfer by Parallel Adjacent and Remote Pathways
           C. Creutz and N. Sutin
           Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 70, 1701 1703 (1973)

8.       Mixed Valence Complexes of Ruthenium Ammines with 4,4'-Bipyridine as a Bridging Ligand
          G. M. Tom, C. Creutz and H. Taube
          J. Am. Chem. Soc. 96, 7827 (1974)

7.       The Electronic Structure of Pyrazinedecaamminediruthenium(5+) p-Toluenesulfonate
          C. Creutz, M. L. Good and S. Chandra
          Inorg. Nuc. Chem. Lett. 9, 171 (1973)

6.       Binuclear Complexes of Ruthenium Ammines
          C. Creutz and H. Taube
          J. Am. Chem. Soc. 95, 1096 (1973)

5.       Preparation and Studies of dinitrogen decaaquodiruthenium(II) Fluoroborate
          C. Creutz and H. Taube
          Inorg. Chem. 10, 2664-2667 (1971)

4.       Charge Transfer Spectra of Ruthenium Complexes
          A. M. Zwickel and C. Creutz
          Inorg. Chem. 10, 2395-2399 (1971)

3.       A Direct Approach to Measuring the Franck Condon Barrier to Electron Transfer Between Metal Ions
          C. Creutz and H. Taube
          J. Am. Chem. Soc. 91, 3988-3989 (1969)

2.        Bimolecular Combination Reactions of Oxy Radicals
          A. Factor, C. A. Russell and T. G. Traylor
          J. Am. Chem. Soc. 87, 3692 (1965)

1.        Mechanisms of Autoxidations. Terminating Radicals in Cumene Autoxidation
          T. G. Traylor and C. A. Russell
          J. Am. Chem. Soc. 87, 3698 (1965)
 

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