Fall Protection

This program area contains information and guidance for the safety of all BNL staff, contractors, visitors, and guests on-site and off-site who work on elevated surfaces, aerial lifts, scaffolds and ladders, or are exposed to fall hazards in excess of four feet.

There are many Laboratory operations that require staff to work at height. Unless the work is being performed under the rules and requirements of the Occupational Safety & Health Administrations (OSHA) Construction Safety standard (29CFR1926), working at height is defined as four (4) feet (construction is 6 feet). Fall protection requirements at BNL generally fall into the following SBMS Subject Areas:

• Aerial Lifts,
• Fall Protection,
• Walking and Working Surfaces.

Fall Protection

OSHA 1910.23 specifies requirements for fall protection with respect to floor and wall openings, open-sided walking surfaces and stairs.  The following checklists are provided as an aid to determine compliance with OSHA requirements:

• Floor Openings,
• Wall Openings,
• Open-sided floors, platforms, and runways;
• Stairs
• Specifications for Railing, Toe boards & Covers

OSHA Standard Interpretations for Aerial Lift Fall Protection

Fall protection is essential for the safe operation of aerial lifts.  The Occupational Safety & Health Administrations (OSHA) has provided a number of Standard Interpretations to clarify fall protection requirements. OSHA Standard Interpretations dated 08/14/2000 - "Fall protection for various lift-devices; restraint, positioning, fall arrest and rescue requirements; maintenance vs. construction examples" provides general guidance for OSHA rules.

Since Aerial lifts extend from ground level, fall arrest systems may not provide adequate fall protection if there is insufficient free fall distance (typically 18½-ft). OSHA Standard Interpretations dated 01/14/2009 - "Whether a manufacturer-stipulated minimum anchor point elevation of 18½ feet precludes the use of a shock absorbing lanyard in an aerial lift" and 02/18/1999 - "Anchoring of fall arrest system to aerial lifts; fall arrest vs. restraint systems" provide specific requirements for fall protection using Aerial Lifts.

OSHA Standard Interpretation dated 07/21/1998 - "Aerial lift regulations; fall protection for scissor lifts." states that scissor Lifts that are designed to ANSI 92.6, have a guard rail system that provides minimum fall protection and no additional fall protection is required.

OSHA standards do not prohibit employees from exiting or entering an aerial lift basket that rests on or adjacent to an elevated surface. However, if fall protection is required (fall distances of either 4 or 6-feet), on the working surface, then the worker must be protected by approved fall protection devices (guardrails/travel restraint/fall arrestment gear). During entry to and egress from the lift, a worker may tie-off to the manufacturer’s designated anchor point and an approved anchor from the nearby structure (working surface). Specific requirements can be found in the OSHA Standard Interpretations dated 05/03/2001 - "Use of aerial lifts to transport workers to elevated workstations; scissor lifts are not covered by the aerial lift provisions."

Safety Concerns when Moving or Operating Aerial Lifts

The Vehicle Safety page (under the Construction Safety Program Area) provides information and guidance on the issues such as blind spots, accident prevention, site planning and the use of spotters, signalers when involved with moving and backing of typical construction vehicles and aerial lifts.

Operator Aids for Aerial Lift Pre-Use Inspection

The operator aids listed in the table below are to be used as check lists when performing the required daily/shift pre-use inspection of aerial lift equipment in conjunction with the manufactures operation manual. If no deficiencies are found during the pre-use inspection, sign and date the Pre-Use Inspection Record Tag and ensure the tag is accessible for the shift the inspection was performed for. If deficiencies are found, take the equipment out of service by applying a “Yellow” caution tag and notify your supervisor or equipment owner.

Manufacturer	Model	Pre-Use Inspection Check List
Genie	1WP-25	ANSI A92.3-001 (pdf)
Genie	AWP-20	ANSI A92.3-001 (pdf)
Genie	AWP-30	ANSI A92.3-001 (pdf)
JLG	AM-24	ANSI A92.3-001 (pdf)
JLG	AM-25	ANSI A92.3-001 (pdf)
Genie	40/23	ANSI A92.5-001 (pdf)
Genie	S-45	ANSI A92.5-001 (pdf)
Genie	S-60	ANSI A92.5-001 (pdf)
Genie	Z-20	ANSI A92.5-001 (pdf)
Genie	Z-45	ANSI A92.5-001 (pdf)
JLG	N40	ANSI A92.5-001 (pdf)
JLG	E300	ANSI A92.5-001 (pdf)
JLG	E600	ANSI A92.5-001 (pdf)
JLG	800AJ	ANSI A92.5-001 (pdf)
JLG	800SJ	ANSI A92.5-001 (pdf)
JLG	800AJ	ANSI A92.5-001 (pdf)
Grove	A125	ANSI A92.5-001 (pdf)
Genie	GS-1930	ANSI A92.6-001 (pdf)
Genie	GS-2632	ANSI A92.6-001 (pdf)
Genie	GS-5390	ANSI A92.6-001 (pdf)
JLG	1932ES	ANSI A92.6-001 (pdf)
JLG	2030ES	ANSI A92.6-001 (pdf)
JLG	2630ES	ANSI A92.6-001 (pdf)
JLG	3246ES	ANSI A92.6-001 (pdf)
JLG	33-RTS	ANSI A92.6-001 (pdf)
Mayville Eng	2033	ANSI A92.6-001 (pdf)
Genie	GR20	ANSI A92.6-002 (pdf)
JLG	20DLV	ANSI A92.6-002 (pdf)
JLG	20MVL	ANSI A92.6-002 (pdf)
MEC	24D	ANSI A92.6-002 (pdf)
Upright	MX19	ANSI A92.6-002 (pdf)

If the aerial lift is not listed, contact the either the Aerial Lift SME or the BNL Hoisting & Rigging Inspector.

Ladder Compliance Program

All ladders used at Brookhaven National Laboratory must meet OSHA requirements and/or industry standards. The OSHA Guide for ladders is provided below. OSHA (29CFR1910.25) rates portable ladders for different duty (see table below). A number of fixed ladders (typically vertical mounted) were installed prior to OSHA requirements being imposed on this facility. To determine the compliance status of fixed ladders, an Extent of Condition (EOC) was initiated by the Assistant Lab Director for Environment, Safety & Health and is provided below. In order to ensure worker safety, ladders need to be inspected before use and the Laboratory has a program to inspect fix ladders for compliance. These inspections are performed by trained staff (TQ-LADDER-INSPECT). Copies of the compliance and inspection training and approved checklist are provided below.

OSHA Portable Ladder Types

Ladder Type	Duty Rating	Description
Type 1AA	375 lb.	Extra-heavy-duty industrial ladder
Type 1A	300 lb.	Heavy-duty industrial ladder
Type 1	250 lb.	Heavy-duty industrial ladder
Type 2	225 lb.	Medium-duty commercial ladder
Type 3	200 lb.	Light-duty household ladder (should not be used at laboratory)

OSHA Guide to Stairways and Ladders (pdf)
Fixed Ladder Extent of Condition (EOC) (pdf)
Fixed Ladder Extent of Condition and Inspection, July 20, 2012 (pdf)
Fixed Ladder Extent of Condition and Inspection, August 2, 2012 (pdf)
Fixed Ladder OSHA Checklist including ladders in Manholes and Elevator Pits, Rev 6 (pdf)
Ladder Inspection Checklist For Users (pdf)