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Beam Ion Species and Energies Used Previously at NSRL
 

Ion

Species [1]

 Energy [2]

 (MeV/nucleon)

 Maximum Intensity [3]

(ions per spill)

 LET [4]

(keV/m)
H-1 200 - 2500 3.4 x 1010 0.45 - 0.21
C-12 290 1.2 x 1010 13
O-16 600 - 1000 0.4 x 1010 16 - 14
Si-28 300 - 1000 0.3 x 1010 69 - 44
Cl-35 500 - 1000 0.2 x 1010 80 - 64
Ti-48 1000 0.08 x 1010 108
Fe-56 300 - 1000 0.2 x 1010 239 - 150
Sequential

Field (Fe/H)

 1000 Various 150/0.2

[1] Different isotopes of some ions are also available.  With the commissioning of EBIS, the Electron Beam Ion Source, virtually all ion species will be available.

[2] In general it has become fairly routine to change beam energy, and if a beam energy is not listed in this table, there is not necessarily any reason why it cannot be tuned up at the request of a user.

[3] Intensity per spill refers to the number of ions delivered each spill.  The spill structure during most radiobiology exposures has a 3.8 second repetition time.  During the 3.8 second period, the ions are extracted more or less uniformly in time during a 0.3-0.4 second spill, followed by a ~3.4 second beam-off time.

[4] LET, or Linear Energy Transfer is calculated for a water target and is in units of keV per micron.  More detailed LET distributions can be viewed here.

 

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Last Modified: February 1, 2008
Please forward all questions about this site to: Michael Sivertz
 


DOE, Office of ScienceOne of ten national laboratories overseen and primarily funded by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Brookhaven National Laboratory conducts research in the physical, biomedical, and environmental sciences, as well as in energy technologies and national security. Brookhaven Lab also builds and operates major scientific facilities available to university, industry and government researchers. Brookhaven is operated and managed for DOE’s Office of Science by Brookhaven Science Associates, a limited-liability company founded by Stony Brook University, the largest academic user of Laboratory facilities, and Battelle, a nonprofit, applied science and technology organization.

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